{"id":2,"date":"2016-05-10T03:48:21","date_gmt":"2016-05-10T03:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rebuttal.de\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2026-01-01T15:51:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T15:51:35","slug":"sample-page","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/philippschmid.org\/?page_id=2","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Most publications are provided as full-text pdfs at ResearchGate. If a full-text is not available please request the text via ResearchGate or contact me directly. My ResearchGate Profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In peer-reviewed scientific journals<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

202<\/em><\/strong>6<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2026). Debunking Health Misinformation with Empathy.\u00a0Current Opinion in Psychology<\/em>, 67, 102213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2025.102213<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2025<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., & Bauer, H. (2025). Impact of Exposure to Health Misinformation on Belief in Health Misinformation: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs. Health Communication<\/em>, 1-11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10410236.2025.2536772<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roozenbeek, T., van Meurs, T., & Schmid, P. (2025).\u00a0Examining associations of general susceptibility to misinformation and health behaviors in the Netherlands.\u00a0Current Research in Behavioral Sciences<\/em>,\u00a09: 100191.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crbeha.2025.100191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kause, A., &\u00a0Schmid, P. (2025). Expert Consensus Messaging as a Lever Against Vaccination Misinformation.\u00a0Collabra: Psychology<\/em><\/em>, 11 (1): 143778.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/collabra.143778<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heinemeier, D., Schmid, P., Eitze, S., Betsch, C., & Vaccination60+ study group. (2025). Influenza and pneumococcal vaccine hesitancy in the elderly population: results from two representative surveys in Germany.\u00a0BMC Public Health<\/em>,\u00a025(1), 1672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-22441-9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toribio-Fl\u00f3rez, D., Altenm\u00fcller, M.S., Douglas, K., Gollwitzer, M., … & Schmid, P. (2025). Victims of Conspiracies? An Examination of the Relationship Between Conspiracy Beliefs and Dispositional Individual Victimhood. European Journal of Social Psychology<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejsp.70008<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mede, N. G., Cologna, V., Berger, S., Besley, J., Brick, C., Joubert, M., … & Schmid, P. (2025). Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries\u2013the TISP dataset. Scientific data<\/em>, 12(1), 114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-024-04100-7<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cologna, V., Mede, N. G., Berger, S., Besley, J., Brick, C., Joubert, M., … & Schmid, P. (2025). Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries. Nature Human Behaviour<\/em>, 1-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-024-02090-5<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2024<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., B\u00f6hm, R., Das, E., Holford, D., Korn, L., Leask, J., Lewandowsky, S., Shapiro, G., Sprengholz, P. & Betsch, C. (2024). Vaccination mandates and their alternatives and complements. Nature Reviews Psychology<\/em>, 3, 789-803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44159-024-00381-2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taubert, F., Schmid, P, Holford, D., Verger, P., Fasce, A., Karlsson, L., Soveri, A., Lewandowsky, S. & Betsch, C. (2024). Association of the belief in conspiracy narratives with vaccination status and recommendation behaviours of German physicians. Vaccine: X<\/em>, 20:100560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvacx.2024.100560<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taubert, F., Meyer-Hoeven, G., Schmid, P. et al.<\/em> Conspiracy narratives and vaccine hesitancy: a scoping review of prevalence, impact, and interventions. BMC Public Health <\/em>24<\/strong>, 3325 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-20797-y<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bruns, H., Dessart, F.J., Krawczyk, M., Lewandowsky S., Pantazi, M., Pennycook G., Schmid P., Smillie, L. (2024). Investigating the role of source and source trust in prebunks and debunks of misinformation in online experiments across four EU countries. Scientific Reports<\/em>, 14, 20723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-71599-6<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kozyreva, A., Lorenz-Spreen, P., Herzog, S., Ecker, U., Lewandowsky, S., Hertwig, R., Ali, A., Bak-Coleman, J., Barzilai, S., Basol, M., Berinsky, A., Betsch, C., Cook, J., Fazio, L., Geers, M., Guess, A., Huang, H., Larreguy, H., Maertens, R., Panizza, F., Pennycook, G., Rand, D., Rathje, S., Reifler, J., Schmid, P.M., Smith, M., Swire-Thompson, B., Szewach, P., Linden, S. van der & Wineburg, S. (2024). Toolbox of individual-level interventions against online misinformation. Nature Human Behaviour<\/em>, 8 (8), 1044-1052. doi: 10.1038\/s41562-024-01881-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ziemer, C.T., Schmid, P.M., Betsch, C. & Rothmund, T. (2024). Identity is key, but Inoculation helps \u2013 how to empower Germans of Russian descent against pro-Kremlin disinformation. advances.in\/psychology<\/em>, 2:e628359. doi: 10.56296\/aip00015<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e4ki, K., Karlsson, L., Kaakinen, J., Schmid, P.M., Lewandowsky, S. & Soveri, A. (2024). COVID-19 and influenza vaccine-hesitancy subgroups. PLoS One<\/em>, 19 (7):e0308159. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0308159<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karlsson, L., M\u00e4ki, O., Holford, D., Fasce, A., Schmid, P., Lewandowsky, S., & Soveri, A. (2024). Testing Psychological Inoculation to Reduce Reactance to Vaccine-Related Communication. Health Communication<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10410236.2024.2325185<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holford D, Schmid P, Fasce A, Garrison A, Karlsson L, Taubert F, et al. (2024).\u00a0Difficulties faced by physicians from four European countries in rebutting antivaccination arguments: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Public Health<\/em>. 2:e000195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjph-2023-000195<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holford, D., Schmid, P., Fasce, A., Lewandowsky, S. (2024). The empathetic refutational interview to tackle vaccine misconceptions: Four randomized experiments. Health Psychology<\/em>, 43<\/em>(6), 426\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/hea0001354<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2023). Using Behavioral Science for Infodemic Preparedness: The Case of Vaccination Misinformation. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences<\/em>, 11<\/em>(1), 93-101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23727322231219684<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. & Werner, B. (2023). Hostility has a trivial effect on persuasiveness of rebutting science denialism on social media. Communications Psychology, <\/em>(1):39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44271-023-00041-w<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soveri A, Karlsson LC, M\u00e4ki KO, Holford D, Fasce A, Schmid P, Antfolk J, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Nolvi S, Karukivi M, Lindfelt M, Lewandowsky S. (2023). Trait reactance as psychological motivation to reject vaccination: Two longitudinal studies and one experimental study. Applied Psychology, Health and Well Being<\/em>, 16(2):597-614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aphw.12506<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Schmid, P., Habersaat, K.B., Nielsen, S.M., Seale, H., Betsch, C., B\u00f6hm, R., Geiger, M., Craig, B., Sunstein, C., Sah, S., MacDonald, N.E., Dube, E., Fancourt, D., Larson, H.J., Jackson, C., Mazhnaya, A., Dutta, M., Fountoulakis, K.N., Kachkachishvili, I., Soveri, A., Caserotti, M., \u0150ri, D., De Girolamo, G., Rodriguez-Blazquez, C., Falc\u00f3n, M., Romay-Barja, M., Forjaz, M.J., Blomquist, S.E., Appelqvist, E., Temkina, A., Lieberoth, A., Harvey, T.S., Holford, D., Fasce, A., Van Damme, P. & Danchin, M. (2023). Lessons from COVID-19 for behavioural and communication interventions to enhance vaccine uptake. Communications Psychology, <\/em>(1):35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44271-023-00036-7<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karlsson, L.C., Garrison, A., Holford, D., Fasce, A., Lewandowsky, S., Taubert, F., Schmid, P., Betsch, C., Rodrigues, F., Fressard, L., Verger, P. & Soveri, A. (2023). Healthcare professionals\u2019 attitudes to mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. Cross-sectional survey data from four European countries. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 19<\/em> (2):2256442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2023.2256442<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fasce, A., Schmid, P., Holford, D. L., Bates, L., Gurevych, I., & Lewandowsky, S. (2023). A taxonomy of anti-vaccination arguments from a systematic literature review and text modelling. Nature Human Behaviour<\/em>, 1-19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-023-01644-3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fasce, A., Karlsson, L., Verger, P., M\u00e4ki, O., Taubert, F., Garrison, A., Schmid. P, \u2026 & Soveri, A. (2023). Endorsement of alternative medicine and vaccine hesitancy among physicians: A cross-sectional study in four European countries. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics<\/em>, 19(2), 2242748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2023.2242748<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., Altay, S. & Scherer, L. (2023). The Psychological lmpacts and Message Features of Health Misinformation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. European Psychologist<\/em>. 28, 162-172 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000494<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holford, D., Fasce, A., Tapper, K., Demko, M., Lewandowsky, S., Hahn, U., … & Wulf, M. (2023). Science Communication as a Collective Intelligence Endeavor: A Manifesto and Examples for Implementation. Science Communication<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10755470231162634<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e4ki, K. O., Karlsson, L. C., Kaakinen, J. K., Schmid, P., Lewandowsky, S., Antfolk, J., & Soveri, A. (2023). Tailoring interventions to suit self-reported format preference does not decrease vaccine hesitancy. Plos one<\/em>, 18<\/em>(3), e0283030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0283030<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thumbeck, S., Schmid, P., Chesneau, S. & Domahs, F. (2023). Efficacy of reading strategies on text-level reading comprehension in people with post-stroke chronic aphasia: A repeated measures study. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders<\/em>, 1-24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1460-6984.12983<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Terry, J., Ross, R. M., Nagy, T., Salgado, M., Garrido-V\u00e1squez, P., Sarfo, J. O., Cooper, S., Buttner, A. C., Lima, T. J. S., \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u0130., Akay, N., Santos, F. H., Artemenko, C., Copping, L. T., Elsherif, M. M., Milovanovi\u0107, I., Cribbie, R. A., Drushlyak, M. G., Swainston, K., . . . Field, A. P. (2023). Data from an International Multi-Centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students (the SMARVUS Dataset). Journal of Open Psychology Data<\/em>, 11<\/em>(1), Article 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/jopd.80<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2022<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Schmid, P., Verger, P., Lewandowsky, S., Soveri, A., Hertwig, R., Fasce, A., Holford, D., De Raeve, P., Gagneur, A., Vuolanto, P., Correia, T., Tavoschi, L., Declich, S., Marceca, M., Linos, A., Karnaki, P., Karlsson, L., Garrison, A. (2022). A call for immediate action to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake to prepare for the third pandemic winter. Nat Commun<\/em>.13(1):7511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-34995-y<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., & Betsch, C. (2022). Benefits and Pitfalls of Debunking Interventions to Counter mRNA Vaccination Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Science Communication<\/em>, 10755470221129608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10755470221129608<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kessler, S.H., & Schmid, P. (2022). Editorial: Mis- and Disinformation About Covid-19 – Challenges for Health Communication. European Journal of Health Communication<\/em>, 3<\/em>(2), I-VI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47368\/ejhc.2022.200<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Holford, D., & Schmid, P. (2022). Public policy and conspiracies: The case of mandates. Current Opinion in Psychology<\/em>, 101427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2022.101427<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00f6rling, M., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Betsch, C., Allen, J., & B\u00f6hm, R. (2022). To disclose or not to disclose? Factors related to the willingness to disclose information to a COVID-19 tracing app. Information, Communication & Society<\/em>, 1-25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1369118X.2022.2050418<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garrison, A., Fressard, L., Karlsson, L., Soveri, A., Fasce, A., Lewandowsky, S., … & Verger, P. (2022). Measuring psychosocial determinants of vaccination behavior in healthcare professionals: validation of the Pro-VC-Be short-form questionnaire. Expert Review of Vaccines<\/em>, 1-10. <\/a>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14760584.2022.2108800<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Armaos, K., Bruns, H., Schmid, P., Holford, D. L., Hahn, U., … & Cook, J. (2022). When science becomes embroiled in conflict: Recognizing the public\u2019s need for debate while combating conspiracies and misinformation. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science<\/em>, 700<\/em>(1), 26-40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00027162221084663<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verger, P., Fressard, L., Soveri, A., Dauby, N., Fasce, A., Karlsson, L., Lewandoswky, S., Schmid, P., Dube, E., & Gagneur, A. (2022). An instrument to measure psychosocial determinants of health care professionals\u2019 vaccination behavior: Validation of the Pro-VC-Be questionnaire. Expert Review of Vaccines<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14760584.2022.2046467<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vivion, M., Anassour Laouan Sidi, E., Betsch, C., Dionne, M., Dub\u00e9, E., Driedger, S. M., Schmid, P… & Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN). (2022). Prebunking messaging to inoculate against COVID-19 vaccine misinformation: an effective strategy for public health. Journal of Communication in Healthcare<\/em>, 1-11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17538068.2022.2044606<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ecker, U. K., Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Schmid, P., Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N., … & Amazeen, M. A. (2022). The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction. Nature Reviews Psychology<\/em>, 1<\/em>(1), 13-29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44159-021-00006-y<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rabe, J. E., Schillok, H., Merkel, C., Voss, S., Coenen, M., De Bock, F., … & Jung-Sievers, C. (2021). Belastung von Eltern mit Kindern im Schulalter w\u00e4hrend verschiedener Phasen der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland: Eine Analyse der COVID-19-Snapshot-Monitoring-(COSMO\u2011) Daten. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz<\/em>, 64<\/em>(12), 1500-1511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-021-03453-3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thumbeck S., Schmid P., Chesneau S., Dohmas F. (2021). Efficacy of a strategy-based intervention on text-level reading comprehension in persons with aphasia: a study protocol for a repeated measures study. BMJ Open<\/em>, 11:e048126. doi: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048126<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Bosnjak, M., Korn, L., Burgard, T., Gaissmaier, W., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Sprengholz, P., B\u00f6hm, R., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Promies, N., De Bock, F., Schmid, P., Renner, B., & Wieler, L. (2021. The four weeks before lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A weekly serial cross-sectional study on risk perceptions, knowledge, public trust and behaviours in March 2020. Eurosurveillance (Print)<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.42.2001900<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2020<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., Schwarzer, M., & Betsch, C. (2020). Weight-of-Evidence Strategies to Mitigate the Influence of Messages of Science Denialism in Public Discussions. Journal of Cognition<\/em>, 3<\/em>(1), 36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/joc.125<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Korn, L., Sprengholz, P., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., & B\u00f6hm, R. (2020). Social and behavioral consequences of mask policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em>, 117<\/em>(36), 21851-21853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2011674117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Habersaat, K., Betsch, C., Danchin, M., Sunstein, C., B\u00f6hm, R., Falk, A., Brewer, N.T., Omer, S.B., Scherzer, M., Sah, S., Fischer, E.F., Scheel, A.E., Fancourt, D., Kitayama, S., Dub\u00e9, E., Leask, J., Dutta, M., MacDonald, N.E., Temkina, A., Lieberoth, A., Jackson, M. Lewandowsky, S., Seale, H., Fiethe, N., Schmid, P., Gelfand, M., Korn, L., Eitze, S., Felgendreff, L. Sprengholz, P., Salvi, C., Butler, R(2020). Ten considerations for effectively managing the COVID-19 transition. Nature Human Behaviour, <\/em>4(7), 677-687.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-020-0906-x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neufeind, J., Betsch, C., Habersaat, K. B., Eckardt, M., Schmid, P., & Wichmann, O. (2020). Barriers and drivers to adult vaccination among family physicians\u2013Insights for tailoring the immunization program in Germany. Vaccine<\/em>, 38 (27), 4252-4262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.04.052<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2019<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haase, N., Schmid, P., & Betsch, C. (2020). Impact of disease risk on the narrative bias in vaccination risk perceptions. Psychology & Health<\/em>, 35(3), 346\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08870446.2019.1630561<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., & Betsch, C. (2019). Effective strategies for rebutting science denialism in public discussions. Nature Human Behaviour<\/em>, 3<\/em>(9), 931-939. https:\/\/10.1038\/s41562-019-0632-4<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., B\u00f6hm, R., Schmid, P., Korn, L., Steinmeyer, L., Heinemeier, D., Eitze, S. & K\u00fcpke, N.K. (2019). Impfverhalten psychologisch erkl\u00e4ren, messen und ver\u00e4ndern. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz<\/em>, 62<\/em>(4), 400-409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-019-02900-6<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2018<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Schmid, P., Heinemeier, D., Korn, L., Holtmann, C., & B\u00f6hm, R. (2018). Beyond confidence: Development of a measure assessing the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. PloS one<\/em>, 13<\/em>(12), e0208601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0208601<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Rossmann, C., Pletz, M.W., Vollmar, H.C., Freytag, A., Wichmann, O., Hanke, R., Hanke, W., Heinemeier, D., Schmid, P., Eitze, S., Weber, W., Reinhardt, A., K\u00fcpke, N.K., Forstner, C., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Mikolajetz, A., R\u00f6mhild, J., Neufeind, J., Rieck, T., Suchecka, K., Reinhart, K. (2018). Increasing influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in the elderly: Study protocol for the multi-methods prospective intervention study Vaccination60+. BMC Public Health<\/em>, 18(1), 885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-018-5787-9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., B\u00f6deker, B., Schmid, P., & Wichmann, O. (2018). How baby\u2019s first shot determines the development of maternal attitudes towards vaccination. Vaccine<\/em>, 36(21), 3018-3026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., MacDonald, N. E., Habersaat, K., & Butler, R. (2018). Commentary to: How to respond to vocal vaccine deniers in public. Vaccine<\/em>, 36 (2), 196-198. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.065<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2017 and earlier<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., Rauber, D., Betsch, C., Lidolt, G., & Denker, M. L. (2017). Barriers of influenza vaccination intention and behavior\u2013a systematic review of influenza vaccine hesitancy, 2005\u20132016. PloS one<\/em>, 12<\/em>(1), e0170550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170550<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C.*, Haase, N.*, Renkewitz, F., & Schmid, P. (2015). The narrative bias revisited: What drives the biasing in\ufb02uence of narrative information on risk perceptions? Judgment and Decision Making, 10<\/em>(3), 241\u2013264. https:\/\/sjdm.org\/journal\/14\/141206a\/jdm141206a.pdf<\/a> (*shared first authorship)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C. & Schmid, P. (2012). Angst essen Impfbereitschaft auf? Der Einfluss kognitiver und affektiver Faktoren auf die Risikowahrnehmung im Ausbruchsgeschehen. [The influence of cognitive and affective aspects of risk perception during outbreaks.] Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz<\/em>, 56, 124-130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-012-1595-z<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P.M., Likki, T. & Habersaat, K.B. (2024). Evaluating the impact of interventions addressing health behaviour. Considerations and tools for policy-makers<\/em>. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe LINK<\/a>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holford, D., Fasce, A., Tapper, K., Demko, M., Lewandowsky, S., Hahn, U., A., Al-Rawi, A.,
Alladin, A., Boender, T. S., Bruns, H., Fischer, F., Gilde, C., Hanel, P. H. P., Herzog, S. M., Kause, A.,
Lehmann, S., Nurse, M. S., Orr, C., Pescetelli, N., Petrescu, M., Sah, S., Schmid, P., Sirota, M., & Wulf,
M. (2022). A manifesto for science communication as collective intelligence<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/TZUFW<\/a>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Schmid, P., Holford, D.L., Finn, A., Leask, J., Thomson, A., Lombardi,D., Al-Rawi, A.K., Amazeen, M.A., Anderson, E.C., Armaos, K.D., Betsch,C., Bruns, H.H.B., Ecker, U.K.H., Gavaruzzi, T., Hahn, U., Herzog, S., Juanchich, M., Kendeou, P., Newman, E.J., Pennycook, G., Rapp, D.N., Sah, S., Sinatra, G.M., Tapper, K., Vraga, E.K. (2021). The COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Handbook. A practical guide for improving vaccine communication and fighting misinformation<\/em>. https:\/\/sks.to\/c19vax<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Ecker, U. K. H., Albarrac\u00edn, D., Amazeen, M. A., Kendeou, P., Lombardi, D., Newman, E. J., Pennycook, G., Porter, E. Rand, D. G., Rapp, D. N., Reifler, J., Roozenbeek, J., Schmid, P.,  Seifert, C. M., Sinatra, G. M., Swire-Thompson, B., van der Linden, S., Vraga, E. K., Wood, T. J., Zaragoza, M. S. (2020). The Debunking Handbook 2020<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17910\/b7.1182<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Rossmann, C., Bach-Habersaat, K., Schmid, P., Holtmann, C., Korn, L., Wiehn, J., Mummer, L. (2017). Vaccination and trust \u2013 How concerns arise and the role of communication in mitigating crises.<\/em> World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe. https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0004\/329647\/Vaccines-and-trust.PDF<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., MacDonald, N., Bach-Habersaat, K., Butler, R. (2016). Best practice guidance: How to respond to vocal vaccine deniers in public.<\/em> World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe. https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0005\/315761\/Vocal-vaccine-deniers-guidance-document.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Book chapters<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Schlamelcher, M. S., Heidari, N. & Schmid, P. (2025). Klimawandelleugnung in der geographischen Bildung begegnen: Konzepte, Strategien und Professionalisierungsans\u00e4tze [Addressing Climate Change Denial in Geography Education: Concepts, Strategies, and Approaches to Professional Development]. In D. Pijetlovic, J. von Au & Virtuelle Akademie Nachhaltigkeit (VAN) (Hrsg.), Klimawandel und Bildung. Konzepte, Methoden und Perspektiven transformativer Klimabildung (S. 271\u2013297), M\u00fcnchen: oekom. https:\/\/www.oekom.de\/buch\/klimawandel-und-bildung-9783987261824<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taubert, F., Schmid, P. (2023). Verschw\u00f6rungstheorien aus gesundheitspsychologischer Perspektive. In book: Die Psychologie der Verschw\u00f6rungstheorien<\/em>. Publisher: Roland Imhoff (Hrsg.) – Hogrefe. DOI:\u00a0 10.1026\/03179-000<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky, S., Armaos, K., Bruns, H., Schmid, P., Holford, D. L., Hahn, U., Al-Rawi, A., Sah, S., Cook, J., Juanchich, M., & Ladyman, J. (2022). COVID-19: Conspiracies and Collateral Damage vs Constructive Critique (pp. 374-397). In J. Musolino, J. Sommer, & P. Hemmer (Eds.), The Cognitive Science of Belief<\/em>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017\/9781009001021.026<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsch, C., Schmid, P., Holtmann, C., Heinemeier, D. & Korn, L. (2018). Erkl\u00e4rung und Ver\u00e4nderung von Pr\u00e4ventionsverhalten. In:  Kohlmann, C.-W., Salewski, C., Wirtz, M. A. (Hrsg.). Psychologie in der Gesundheitsf\u00f6rderung <\/em>(pp. 341\u2013354). Bern: Hogrefe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Public writings<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Schlamelcher, M. S., Heidari, N. & Schmid, P. (2025). \u201eNun sag\u2018, wie hast du\u2018s mit dem Klimawandel?\u201c \u00a0[“Now tell me, how do you feel about climate change?”\u00a0Climate change denial in the classroom]. Klimawandelleugnung im Unterricht.\u00a0Geographische Rundschau 77<\/em>(10), 54\u201355.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2024). Impfkommunikation 2.0 \u2013 Von Motivational Interviewing bis ChatGPT. Impfen mit Blick in die Zukunft<\/em>. https:\/\/nationale-impfkonferenz.de\/rueckblick\/veroeffentlichungen\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2022). Verbesserung der Impfquoten und der Impfakzeptanz – Management einer Infodemie. Impfen im Umbruch Berichtsband Nationale Impfkonferenz NIK<\/em>. https:\/\/nationale-impfkonferenz.de\/rueckblick\/veroeffentlichungen\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P., Lewandowsky,. S. (2021). Tackling COVID disinformation with empathy and\u00a0conversation. The Conversation<\/em>. https:\/\/theconversation.com\/tackling-covid-disinformation-with-empathy-and-conversation-173013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewandowsky,. S., Schmid, P. (2021). How to fight Covid vaccine misinformation. Aljazeera<\/em>. https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/opinions\/2021\/10\/22\/fighting-vaccine-misinformation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2020). Postfaktische Apokalypse? \u2013 Vier Strategien gegen Wissenschaftsleugnung. Wissenschaftskommunikation.de<\/em>. https:\/\/www.wissenschaftskommunikation.de\/postfaktische-apokalypse-vier-strategien-gegen-wissenschaftsleugnung-43093\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2019). Fake News (Rhetorische Fallen erkennen und vermeiden). Impfstrategien im Kontext internationaler Herausforderungen Berichtsband<\/em> Nationale Impfkonferenz NIK<\/em>. https:\/\/www.nali-impfen.de\/fileadmin\/pdf\/NIK_Berichtsbaende\/NIK_Berichtsband_2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schmid, P. (2016). Impfm\u00fcdigkeit. Skeptiker 4\/2016<\/em>. https:\/\/www.gwup.org\/147-wurzel\/archiv-zeitschrift-skeptiker\/1877-zeitschrift-skeptiker-4-2016<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most publications are provided as full-text pdfs at ResearchGate. If a full-text is not available please request the text via ResearchGate or contact me directly. My ResearchGate Profile In peer-reviewed scientific journals 2026 Schmid, P. (2026). Debunking Health Misinformation with Empathy.\u00a0Current Opinion in Psychology, 67, 102213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2025.102213 2025 Schmid, P., & Bauer, H. (2025). Impact … <\/p>\n

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